Who got married to who in Harry Potter?
The wedding of Harry Potter and Ginevra Weasley took place in the 2000s. After the conclusion of the Second Wizarding War, they rekindled their passionate romance. The union resulted in the birth of the couple's three children: James Sirius, Albus Severus, and Lily Luna. Harry and Ginny's marriage is shown to be mature and understanding.
Is Harry Potter owned by Disney?
The ‘Harry Potter’ movies are not on Disney Plus and most likely won't be in the future. The Harry Potter movies were produced and distributed by Warner Bros. Entertainment Inc., a subsidiary of Warner Media, LLC (formerly Time Warner, and known as AOL Time Warner from 2001 to 2003), which is currently owned by AT&T Inc. Basically, Disney does not own the Harry Potter movies so they cannot have them on their streaming platform.
Who wins Harry Potter or Voldemort?
Voldemort won and Harry Potter is dead. Hermione and Draco find themselves in Azkaban together able to talk through a vent in the wall. In order to survive, they must be able to work together. 41 /? Voldemort has won.
Who is the troll in Harry Potter?
Who is the troll in Harry Potter? Quirinus Quirrell’s first mountain troll was a mountain troll, brought into Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry on 31 October (Hallowe’en) 1991, by Quirinus Quirrell, then possessed by Lord Voldemort, in an attempt to steal the Philosopher’s Stone of Nicolas Flamel.
Does JK Rowling still own Harry Potter rights?
Interestingly enough, Rowling does not own trademark rights to the Harry Potter brand in the United States. Though the original creator of iconic series, Warner Bros Entertainment has registrations for many aspects of the wizarding universe.
Does Disney own the Harry Potter franchise?
The simple answer is that Disney does not own Harry Potter. Instead, Rowling and Warner Brothers own Harry Potter. The author, JK Rowling, retains all rights to her intellectual property, while Warner Brothers Entertainment owns the production rights to the Harry Potter films.
Who owns the copyrights to Harry Potter?
Warner Bros. Entertainment Inc.J.K. ROWLING'S WIZARDING WORLD is a trademark of J.K. Rowling and Warner Bros. Entertainment Inc. Materials from the Harry Potter series of films and from the film Fantastic Beasts And Where To Find Them are courtesy of Warner Bros. Entertainment.
How much did JK Rowling sell the Harry Potter franchise for?
Harry Potter Movies In 1999, Rowling sold the film rights for the first four books about the boy with the glasses to Warner Bros. for a little over $1 million. Since then, Warner has more than recouped its investment – about several thousand times over, in fact.
Does J.K. Rowling get royalties from Universal Studios?
Unfortunately, it turns out that the moment you buy a ticket to the Universal parks, you're already financially supporting J.K. Rowling. To quote Forbes: Rowling receives low double-digit millions from a share of ticket, merchandise, sponsorship and food and beverage revenue.
Why did Disney sell Harry Potter?
According to some sources, Disney would reportedly go on to try to buy Harry Potter on several more occasions. However, their deals couldn't comply with J.K. Rowling's demands, which was why Rowling eventually ended up selling the rights to one of Disney's rivals, Warner Bros.
Is J.K. Rowling richer than Oprah?
To put that in perspective, Oprah ranked ninth with $2.3 billion and Harry Potter author J.K. Rowling is 20th with $1 billion.
How did J.K. Rowling keep the rights to Harry Potter?
Case Study: Harry Potter J. K. Rowling was able to do this because copyright gave her the exclusive rights to protect her story. She licensed that right to Bloomsbury Publishing Plc, giving them permission to print and distribute her work in return for royalty payments.
Does J.K. Rowling get money from the movies?
Despite keeping up appearances like this, the simple fact of the matter is that Rowling profits from all Harry Potter content, whether she's the face of the franchise or not.
Is J.K. Rowling a billionaire?
Rowling denied that she was a billionaire in a 2005 interview.
Is J.K. Rowling richer than the Queen?
So, yeah, J. K. Rowling is rich. In fact, she's richer than the Queen of England.
How much did Emma Watson make from Harry Potter?
Harry Potter Earned Emma $70 Million That's correct: Emma made a reported $70 million from this franchise—which included starring in the movies, making a ton of appearances, and having her face on endless amounts of merch.
Is Harry Potter associated with Disney?
Are Harry Potter films on Disney Plus? The movie rights are owned by Warner Bros. Entertainment, a subsidiary of WarnerMedia. At the time of this writing, none of the Harry Potter films are streaming on Disney+ or Netflix. You can, however, binge them on HBO Max or the NBC streaming service Peacock.
Why did Disney Stop Harry Potter?
In 2004, Rowling signed a letter-of-intent with Disney, with the company intending to develop a Harry Potter section within the Magic Kingdom park at Walt Disney World. Ultimately, Disney pulled out of negotiations, citing that Rowling's creative influence and the terms established by Warner Bros. was too stringent.”
Is Harry Potter Disney or Universal?
The Wizarding World of Harry Potter is a themed area spanning two theme parks—Islands of Adventure and Universal Studios Florida—at the Universal Orlando Resort in Orlando, Florida.
Does Disney want Harry Potter?
Disney Has Big Plans to Take on Harry Potter and Universal That's why Walt Disney CFO Christine McCarthy made it clear that the company will continue to invest heavily in its U.S. theme parks in 2022.
Who bought Harry Potter books?
Realizing the yet-untapped potential for the “Harry Potter” series, Warner Bros. bought the movie rights for the first several books from J.K. Rowling for around $2 million in 1999. The movie series allowed Rowling’s stories to expand far beyond her current audience to reach people of all ages and reading levels.
What events did Harry Potter fans attend?
In honor of their beloved series, fans began to establish numerous events that allowed them to immerse themselves in the world of “Harry Potter” and Hogwarts: tea parties, yearly festivals and even Quidditch tournaments. These events gave life to the books and movies which brought fans joy and countless happy memories.
What would Warner Bros do to help the trademark problem?
A practical solution to this trademark problem would be for Warner Bros. to issue the necessary licenses or even sponsor these events. This would give Warner Bros. a valid claim to the money that comes from themed food, merchandise and attractions. It would also make fans happy, bring Warner Bros. additional revenue around the world and be an overall profitable compromise for everyone.
What do Harry Potter fans do?
Avid fans buy licensed gear to wear at the events and show their dedication , and the new fans often do the same once they’ve experienced the excitement. All of these purchases bring revenue to Warner Bros.
Why should Warner Bros. bring the business to where the people are?
Fans are more likely to buy items at or in anticipation of some sort of big event. Because attending Universal Studios isn’t always a possible option , Warner Bros. should bring the business to where the people are. Plus, many of these events are already well established, so the hassle for the company would be minimal.
Is Harry Potter free publicity?
Warner Bros. doesn’t seem to realize that the Harry Potter events are actually free publicity. Events like these have kept the spirit of “Harry Potter” and Hogwarts alive during the gaps between books and movies. They give fans a reason to buy more licensed items and spread the word about their favorite series.
Will Harry Potter fans go to Universal Studios?
As already mentioned, Warner Bros.’ biggest concern seems to be that people are attending unlicensed “ Harry Potter ” festivals instead of going to Universal Studios. But the reality is that avid fans are most likely going to attend both — if they can afford it.
Who owns the rights to Star Trek?
Paramount, for example, which owns the rights to the Star Trek franchise, has an entire section on its website about fan fiction film guidelines.
Is Harry Potter fan fiction?
In 2004, on the eve of the third Harry Potter movie release, Rowling gave her blessing for fan fiction in a statement from her literary agent, along with three stipulations: that fan fiction endeavors remained non-commercial, that the stories continue to exist online (and not in print) and, well, that the stories not be, uh, obscene.
Is Harry Potter a creative entity?
For the thousands of superfans across the world who gather on online platforms like fanfiction.net to write their own stories within established literary canons, it's a question not often considered, at least not deeply. Sure, legally, Harry Potter is a creative entity.
Who sold Harry Potter books to Warner Bros?
Heyman's enthusiasm led to Rowling 's 1999 sale of the film rights for the first four Harry Potter books to Warner Bros. for a reported £ 1 million (US$2,000,000). A demand Rowling made was that the principal cast be kept strictly British, allowing nevertheless for the inclusion of many Irish actors, such as Richard Harris as Dumbledore, and for casting of French and Eastern European actors in Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire where characters from the book are specified as such. Rowling was hesitant to sell the rights because she "didn't want to give them control over the rest of the story" by selling the rights to the characters, which would have enabled Warner Bros. to make non-author-written sequels.
When did Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix come out?
The fifth film, Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix, was released by Warner Bros. on 11 July 2007 in English-speaking countries, except for the UK and Ireland, which released the movie on 12 July.
How many Deathly Hallows movies did David Yates direct?
David Yates directed four of the films in the series, including the two-part finale Deathly Hallows.
When was the last time Harry Potter was filmed?
On 12 June 2010, filming of the Deathly Hallows – Part 1 and Part 2 was completed with actor Warwick Davis stating on his Twitter account, "The end of an Era – today is officially the last day of principal photography on 'Harry Potter' – ever. I feel honoured to be here as the director shouts cut for the very last time. Farewell Harry & Hogwarts, it's been magic!" However, reshoots of the epilogue scene were confirmed to begin in the winter of 2010. The filming was completed on 21 December 2010, marking the official closure of filming the Harry Potter franchise. Exactly four years earlier on that day, author J. K. Rowling 's official website revealed the title of the final novel in the series – Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows.
What was the first set of Hogwarts?
The studio film set of The Great Hall of Hogwarts was one of the first sets ever created for the series.
How many composers are there in Harry Potter?
The Harry Potter series has had four composers. John Williams scored the first three films: Philosopher's Stone, Chamber of Secrets, and Prisoner of Azkaban. However, the second entry was adapted and conducted by William Ross due to Williams's conflicting commitments. Williams also created " Hedwig's Theme ", the series leitmotif which appears in all eight films.
What are some examples of successful movies that followed Harry Potter's suit?
A 2009 article from The Economist argued that the films were "in the vanguard" of adaptations of established properties being the modern film franchise model, citing The Lord of the Rings, Spider-Man and The Dark Knight Trilogy as examples of successful film series that followed Harry Potter ' s suit.
Where does Harry Potter live?
The central character in the series is Harry Potter, a boy who lives in the fictional town of Little Whinging, Surrey with his aunt, uncle, and cousin – the Dursleys – and discovers at the age of eleven that he is a wizard, though he lives in the ordinary world of non-magical people known as Muggles. The wizarding world exists parallel to the Muggle world, albeit hidden and in secrecy. His magical ability is inborn, and children with such abilities are invited to attend exclusive magic schools that teach the necessary skills to succeed in the wizarding world.
How many Harry Potter books are there?
Harry Potter is a series of seven fantasy novels written by British author J. K. Rowling. The novels chronicle the lives of a young wizard, Harry Potter, and his friends Hermione Granger and Ron Weasley, all of whom are students at Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry. The main story arc concerns Harry's struggle against Lord Voldemort, ...
What happens when the first Harry Potter book opens?
When the first novel of the series, Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone, opens, it is apparent that some significant event has taken place in the wizarding world – an event so very remarkable that even Muggles (non-magical people) notice signs of it. The full background to this event and Harry Potter's past is revealed gradually throughout the series. After the introductory chapter, the book leaps forward to a time shortly before Harry Potter's eleventh birthday, and it is at this point that his magical background begins to be revealed.
Why are Harry Potter books banned?
to take legal measures to protect their copyright, which have included banning the sale of Harry Potter imitations, targeting the owners of websites over the "Harry Potter" domain name, and suing author Nancy Stouffer to counter her accusations that Rowling had plagiarised her work. Various religious fundamentalists have claimed that the books promote witchcraft and religions such as Wicca and are therefore unsuitable for children, while a number of critics have criticised the books for promoting various political agendas. The Harry Potter series has landed the American Library Associations ' Top 10 Banned Book List in 2001, 2002, 2003, and 2019 because it was anti-family, discussed magic and witchcraft, contained actual spells and curses, referenced the occult/Satanism, violence, and had characters who used "nefarious means" to attain goals, as well as conflicts with religious viewpoints.
Why did Snape die in Harry Potter?
Eventually, Snape is killed by Voldemort out of paranoia. The book culminates in the Battle of Hogwarts. Harry, Ron and Hermione, in conjunction with members of the Order of the Phoenix and many of the teachers and students, defend Hogwarts from Voldemort, his Death Eaters, and various dangerous magical creatures.
What happened to Sirius Black in Harry Potter?
Although the timely arrival of members of the Order of the Phoenix saves the teenagers' lives, Sirius Black is killed in the conflict. In the sixth book, Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince, Voldemort begins waging open warfare. Harry and his friends are relatively protected from that danger at Hogwarts.
How many pages are there in Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire?
Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix is the longest book in the series, at 766 pages in the UK version and 870 pages in the US version. It was published worldwide in English on 21 June 2003.
Who owns the rights to Wizarding World?
In a landmark deal that ranks among the largest movie franchise rights agreements of all time, NBCUniversal has acquired exclusive rights for the popular films and accompanying J.K. Rowling's Wizarding World franchise from Warner Bros.
Who owns DWA?
The announcement comes just weeks after NBCUniversal (NBCU), a subsidiary of Comcast Corporation ( CMCSA) purchased Dreamworks Animation ( DWA) for USD$3.8 billion. Through the deal with Warner Bros., a subsidiary of Time Warner Inc. (NYSE: TWX), NBCU will retain commercial TV rights for all eight of the Harry Potter films, ...
When will Wizarding World be released?
Wizarding World, a series of related films currently being developed, will release its first feature in November of 2016, with plans on the way already for a follow-up film due in 2018. The first in this new series, entitled Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them, will star Eddie Redmayne.
Is there a Potter movie on NBCU?
NBCU Makes Plans to Air Potter Movies. Deadline reports NBCU already has plans in the works to program special director's cuts of the eight main Potter films on its Syfy and USA Network. Disney ( DIS ), which currently owns the rights to the Potter movies, will relinquish rights in the summer of 2018, allowing NBCU the flexibility ...
Does NBCU have Harry Potter?
Beyond exclusive access rights for the films in the Wizarding World series, NBCU will receive "exclusive content and events" for Wizarding World properties at its theme parks. Universal already has attractions relating to Harry Potter in locations around the world. When the new agreement becomes active in 2018, Universal parks will likely also include a variety of additional promotional ventures, screenings, and other special activities to further entice fans of the series. It is expected that NBCU and Warner Bros. will continue to collaborate on new projects related to the series and based on other writings by J.K. Rowling as well.
Who owns the rights to Harry Potter?
Rowling, her various publishers and Time Warner, the owner of the rights to the Harry Potter films, have taken numerous legal actions to protect their copyrights, and also have fielded accusations of copyright theft themselves. The worldwide popularity of the Harry Potter series has led to the appearance of a number of locally-produced, ...
When did Harry Potter stop publishing?
In 2003, legal pressure from Harry Potter' s publishers led an Indian publisher to stop publication of Harry Potter in Calcutta by Uttam Ghosh; a work in which Harry meets figures from Bengali literature. The case was settled out of court.
What was the name of the band in Harry Potter?
In 2005, Warner Bros. offered CAD$5,000 (later CAD$50,000) to the Canadian folk band the Wyrd Sisters for the rights to use their name in the film version of Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire. Rowling had written a scene in the novel in which a band called the Weird Sisters appeared at a school dance, and the group owned the rights to the name in Canada. However, the offer was declined, and instead the band undertook a legal action against Warner Bros., as well as Jarvis Cocker of Pulp and Jonny Greenwood and Phil Selway of Radiohead, who were to play the band in the film. All plans to use the name in the movie were later abandoned. Despite that decision, the Canadian band filed a CAD$40-million ($39 million) lawsuit against Warner in Ontario court. In connection with the lawsuit, the band brought an interlocutory injunction hoping to prevent the release of the film. The injunction application was dismissed. The entire suit was dismissed in November 2005. In June 2006, an Ontario judge decreed that the band pay Warner Bros. CAD$140,000 in legal costs, describing their lawsuit as "highly intrusive". The group stated that they planned to appeal the decision. Jarvis Cocker initially wished to release an album of "Weird Sisters"-themed music with collaborators including Franz Ferdinand, Jack White and Iggy Pop, but the project was dropped as a result of the lawsuit. The Wyrd Sisters reported death threats from irate Harry Potter fans. As of March 2010, the lawsuit has been settled out of court, the details sealed.
Why did Bloomsbury charge £1 for Harry Potter?
Bloomsbury stated that the price hike of £1 from the previous Harry Potter novel was due to it having been printed on recycled paper. "There is a price to be paid by the consumer for environmental best practice", a Bloomsbury spokeswoman said.
How long was Harry Potter in prison?
In 2005, a man was sentenced to four years in prison after firing a replica gun at a journalist during a staged deal for stolen copies of an unreleased Harry Potter novel, and attempting to blackmail the publisher with threats of releasing secrets from the book.
Why did Mirchi sue Warner Bros?
filed a lawsuit against production company Mirchi Movies due to the similarity of the title of their Bollywood film Hari Puttar: A Comedy of Terrors to the Harry Potter film series.
When did Mirchi movies register the name Harry Potter?
Warner Bros. claimed that the title was confusing, but Mirchi Movies claimed they registered the name in 2005. On 24 September 2008, the court in Delhi rejected Warner Bros.' claim, saying that Harry Potter readers were sufficiently able to distinguish between the two works.
Who owns Harry Potter?
So, it’s a wonder to some why Disney still doesn’t own Harry Potter. As of writing, the Wizarding World franchise is still owned by the Warner Bros. Entertainment, a subsidiary owned by the entertainment conglomerate Warner Media, whose parents company since 2018 is AT&T. Knowing what goes on in business, however, this could change in the future.
Why did Harry Potter never go to Disney?
One source claimed that one of the reasons why Harry never made his way to Disney is because of the underwhelming offer J.K. Rowling received from Disney for a Harry Potter -themed attraction in Disneyland. According to Jim Hill Media’s Universal Joint podcast, Disney would put Harry Potter attractions ...
Why is Leia Organa a Disney princess?
Part of the reason why Leia Organa is now technically a Disney Princess and why Disney and Sony are battling it out for the rights to Spiderman actually has to do with Disney’s need to compete with the Harry Potter franchise. Because in Disney’s eyes, if you can’t join them, beat them.
How much is the Wizarding World franchise worth?
But the Wizarding World franchise is estimated to be around $25 billion – and that’s just the Harry Potter side of the franchise and not including the Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them series of the franchise.
How much did Disney buy Star Wars?
Prior to this, the Harry Potter films were doing so well that Disney bought Star Wars (to be technically correct, it bought Lucasfilm, the studio that owns Star Wars) for $4 billion to compete with Harry Potter.
When did Universal get the rights to Harry Potter?
But in 2010, when Universal won the rights to opening a Harry Potter land called “The Wizarding World of Harry Potter.”. Suddenly, Disney had a serious competitor threatening its position in terms of profit. So, in an attempt to beat the Harry Potter attraction, it turned to other franchises it thought could compete with Harry Potter.
Is Harry Potter in Disneyland?
According to Jim Hill Media’s Universal Joint podcast, Disney would put Harry Potter attractions around Disneyland as big as the leagues of Fantasyland or Tomorrowland, but would simply be a “mini-land” featured inside Fantasyland.
Overview
Harry Potter is a film series based on the eponymous novels by J. K. Rowling. The series is produced and distributed by Warner Bros. Pictures and consists of eight fantasy films, beginning with Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone (2001) and culminating with Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2 (2011). A spin-off prequel series, planned to consist of five films, started with Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them (2016), marking the beginning of the Wizarding World s…
Origins
In late 1997, film producer David Heyman's London offices received a copy of the first book in what would become Rowling's series of seven Harry Potter novels. The book, Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone, was relegated to a low-priority bookshelf, where it was discovered by a secretary who read it and gave it to Heyman with a positive review. Consequently, Heyman, who had orig…
Production
Filming of the series began at Leavesden Studios, Hertfordshire, England, in September 2000 and ended in December 2010, with post-production on the final film lasting until summer 2011. Leavesden Studios was the main base for filming Harry Potter, and it opened to the public as a studio tour in 2012 (renamed as Warner Bros. Studios, Leavesden).
Films
Harry Potter is an orphaned boy brought up by his unkind Muggle (non-magical) aunt and uncle. At the age of eleven, half-giant Rubeus Hagrid informs him that he is actually a wizard and that his parents were murdered by an evil wizard named Lord Voldemort. Voldemort also attempted to kill one-year-old Harry on the same night, but his killing curse mysteriously rebounded and reduced him t…
Release
The rights for the first four novels in the series were sold to Warner Bros. for £1,000,000 by J.K. Rowling. After the release of the fourth book in July 2000, the first film, Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone, was released on 16 November 2001. In its opening weekend, the film grossed $90 million in the United States alone, which set a record opening worldwide. The succeeding three motion picture adaptations followed suit in financial success, while garnering …
Reception
The Harry Potter films have been top-rank box office hits, with all eight releases on the list of highest-grossing films worldwide. Philosopher's Stone was the highest-grossing Harry Potter film up until the release of the final instalment of the series, Deathly Hallows Part 2, while Prisoner of Azkaban grossed the least. As well as being a financial success, the film series has also been a success a…
Legacy and influence
The Harry Potter films and their success have been retrospectively considered to have had a significant impact on the film industry. They are cited as having helped redefine the Hollywood blockbuster in the 21st century by initiating a shift toward established media franchises forming the basis of successful films. In the wake of the final film's release, Claudia Puig of USA Today wrote that the films "inspired every major studio to try to capture [its] alchemic formula, spawnin…
External links
• Official website
• Growing Up with Harry Potter – photo essay by Time
Overview
Harry Potter is a series of seven fantasy novels written by British author J. K. Rowling. The novels chronicle the lives of a young wizard, Harry Potter, and his friends Hermione Granger and Ron Weasley, all of whom are students at Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry. The main story arc concerns Harry's struggle against Lord Voldemort, a dark wizard who intends to become i…
Attractions
Universal and Warner Brothers created The Wizarding World of Harry Potter, a Harry Potter-themed expansion to the Islands of Adventure theme park at Universal Orlando Resort in Florida. It opened to the public on 18 June 2010. It includes a re-creation of Hogsmeade and several rides; its flagship attraction is Harry Potter and the Forbidden Journey, which exists within a re-creation of Ho…
Plot
The series follows the life of a boy named Harry Potter. In the first book, Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone, Harry lives in a cupboard under the stairs in the house of the Dursleys, his aunt, uncle and cousin. The Dursleys consider themselves perfectly normal, but at the age of eleven, Harry discovers that he is a wizard. He meets a half-giant named Hagrid who invites him to attend the Hog…
Style and allusions
The novels fall into the genre of fantasy literature, and qualify as a type of fantasy called "urban fantasy", "contemporary fantasy", or "low fantasy". They are mainly dramas, and maintain a fairly serious and dark tone throughout, though they do contain some notable instances of tragicomedy and black humour. In many respects, they are also examples of the bildungsroman, or coming of age novel, and contain elements of mystery, adventure, horror, thriller, and romance. The books ar…
Themes
Harry Potter's overarching theme is death. In the first book, when Harry looks into the Mirror of Erised, he feels both joy and "a terrible sadness" at seeing his desire: his parents, alive and with him. Confronting their loss is central to Harry's character arc and manifests in different ways through the series, such as in his struggles with Dementors. Other characters in Harry's life die; he even faces hi…
Development history
In 1990, Rowling was on a crowded train from Manchester to London when the idea for Harry suddenly "fell into her head". Rowling gives an account of the experience on her website saying:
"I had been writing almost continuously since the age of six but I had never been so excited about an idea before. I simply sat and thought, for four (delayed trai…
Reception
The popularity of the Harry Potter series has translated into substantial financial success for Rowling, her publishers, and other Harry Potter related license holders. This success has made Rowling the first and thus far only billionaire author. The books have sold more than 500 million copies worldwide and have also given rise to the popular film adaptations produced by Warner Bros., all of w…
Legacy
Harry Potter transformed children's literature. In the 1970s, children's books were generally realistic as opposed to fantastic, while adult fantasy became popular because of the influence of The Lord of the Rings. The next decade saw an increasing interest in grim, realist themes, with an outflow of fantasy readers and writers to adult works.